Opening the Black Box: Using Causal Pathway Diagrams to Infer Transportable Implementation Mechanisms

Behavioural and Implementation Sciences in Health, Asia Conference 2026

This lightning talk introduced the concept of transportability and showcased the use of causal pathway diagrams to study mechanisms of implementation strategies.
Author

Nien Xiang Tou

Published

September 3, 2026

Date 03 September 2026
Event Behavioural and Implementation Sciences in Health, Asia Conference 2026

Understanding how and why the effects of implementation strategies vary across settings is critical for advancing implementation science. In this lightning talk, I introduced causal pathway diagrams as an approach to making the hypothesised mechanisms of implementation strategies explicit and examining how contextual factors interact with these mechanisms. Drawing on an example of skills training to improve intervention fidelity in community dementia care, I illustrated how qualitative data can be used to identify and locate contextual factors along a theorised causal pathway. This approach moves us beyond simply recognising that “context matters” towards understanding how and where it matters, providing a basis for testing mechanistic hypotheses and reasoning about the transportability of implementation strategies across settings.

You may download the slides below.

Slides